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Collagen is a structural protein found in the body that helps make up our connective tissue, skin, hair, nails, tendons, bone, and cartilage. Considering that it's the most abundant protein in the body, there's no question that collagen plays an incredibly important role in our health and well-being.
For athletes, collagen serves as a key protein during recovery from exercise. Fun fact, as we age, our collagen production and stores decrease which results in aging of the skin. Considering collagen's integral part of maintaining our body's structure, some people choose to supplement with it to boost their body's stores and internal production.
The Best Collagen Supplements - Our Top Picks
- Best Overall: BUBS Naturals Collagen Peptides
- Best Flavored: Transparent Labs Collagen Hydrolysate
- Best for Triathletes: Gainful Collagen
- Best for Runners: Vital Proteins Collagen Peptides
- Best for Swimmers: Vital Proteins Marine Collagen
- Best for Cyclists: Transparent Labs Collagen Hydrolysate
- Best for Hair: Cira Glow-Getter Collagen
- Best for Skin: Ora Aloe Gorgeous
- Best Capsules: Vital Proteins Collagen Peptides Capsules
- Best Powder: Ancient Nutrition Vegetarian Collagen Powder
- Best Liquid: Vital Proteins Collagen Water
The main desired benefits of supplementing with collagen include:
- Improved bone and joint health
- Healthier gut and immune system
- Cosmetic improvements such as healthier skin, hair, and nails
Some athletes in particular use collagen in a preventative fashion to build up their bones and joints to avoid injury. While there are numerous types of collagen available for supplementation, there are only a few that have a good body of research to back them. Of course selecting the right collagen supplement will ultimately depend on your goals.
That said, when browsing through the extensive selection of collagen supplements on the market you may be left with your head spinning. Thankfully for you, the Active Reviews Team has sifted through the endless options to provide you with the best collagen supplements of 2022.
Why Trust Us?
The health and safety of ACTIVE’s readers is of the utmost importance to us. To ensure your well-being when consuming collagen supplements, the ACTIVE.com editorial team prioritizes products that are independently tested by a third-party. We’ve also consulted with a team of nutritionists and dietitians to ensure the products we feature are of the highest standard. This helps us create the most accurate, authentic review content for our readers. For more information on how we chose the best energy drinks, scroll to the end.
Best Overall Collagen Supplement – Bubs Naturals Collagen Peptides
SPECS
- Form: Powder
- Dosage: 20g
- Price: $1.43 per serving
While some people are looking for a specific type of collagen to address certain ailments they may have, others are searching for a broad spectrum collagen for general health purposes. When choosing the best overall collagen supplement we were looking for one that provided the most common types of high quality collagen at a reasonable price point, and in the proper dosages. We found Bubs Naturals Collagen Peptides to be a fitting choice for most people looking to supplement with collagen.
Packing 20 grams of hydrolyzed bovine collagen per serving, Bubs Natural Collagen Peptides exceeds the recommended five to 15 gram daily dose.(1) Bovine collagen is mainly made up of type I and type III collagen, making it a great choice for improving the health of your hair, skin, nails, as well as promoting gut health and immunity.(2, 3) Additionally, this collagen is third-party tested to ensure safety for athletes.
For those looking for a solid overall collagen supplement to support bone, joint, skin, and immune health, Bubs Naturals Collagen Peptides may be a great option for you.
Why We Picked It: We liked that this collagen powder provides a high dose of bovine collagen peptides and is third-party tested to ensure its free of banned substance.
Best For
- Those looking for a high quality collagen supplement to promote bone, joint, and skin health
- Users in search of a flavorless collagen powder that can be added to any beverage
Not Best For
- People who prefer a flavored collagen supplement
- Those looking for a supplement that supplies multiple sources of collagen
BUY: Bubs Natural Collagen Peptides
Best Flavored Collagen Supplement – Transparent Labs Collagen Hydrolysate
SPECS
- Form: Powder
- Dosage: 11g
- Price: $1.16 per serving
Generally you’ll find that most collagen supplements come unflavored to allow them to be added to a wide number of beverages or foods. While unflavored versions appeal to the majority of the population, some users may prefer a flavored version to help mask any potentially off-putting tastes. Transparent Labs Collagen Hydrolysate comes in as our top pick for the best flavored collagen supplement due to its quality ingredients and highly rated taste profile.
Boasting a chocolate flavor, this high quality collagen powder is sourced from grass-fed cows and put through a process called hydrolysation to help improve absorption. Supplying 11 grams of collagen per serving, this product provides plenty to meet your daily needs. It can be added to smoothies, coffee, or simply combined with water and drunk on its own.
For those that prefer a flavored collagen supplement that doesn’t sacrifice quality, Transparent Labs Collagen Hydrolysate may be a good selection.
Why We Picked It: We liked that this collagen powder provides high quality grass fed hydrolyzed bovine peptides in an appealing flavor to help make daily supplementation more palatable.
Best For
- People who prefer a flavored collagen supplement
- Those in search of a hydrolyzed collagen powder for improved absorption
Not Best For
- Those that are looking for several flavors to choose from
- Users who are avoiding bovine products
BUY: Transparent Labs Collagen Hydrolysate
Best Collagen Supplement for Triathletes – Gainful Collagen
SPECS
- Form: Powder
- Dosage: Varies
- Price: Varies
Training for and competing in triathlons can certainly take a toll on your joints over time. Considering that being a triathlete requires you to be a proficient runner, cyclist, and swimmer, the training places some unique stressors on the body. Thankfully with proper training, recovery, and supplementation, you can significantly reduce the aches and pains you may experience. Collagen peptides are one supplement in particular that may help you address some joint-related pains you may be feeling. In terms of the best collagen supplement for triathletes, we've chosen Gainful Collagen mainly due to their customized formulas based on your individual goals.
You’ll start off by taking the Gainful Quiz that will help determine exactly how much collagen you need to support your goals. They’ll also recommend other potentially beneficial supplements to complement the collagen. Gainful’s collagen blend is made of grass fed bovine collagen which contains type I and III collagen. Research shows these may help promote joint recovery following exercise.(1) As an added bonus, these types of collagen can also help promote hair, skin, and nail health.
For triathletes looking to optimize their joint-recovery, consider adding Gainful Collagen to your supplementation regimen.
Why We Picked It: We liked that this collagen is fully customized based on your individual requirements and is sourced from high quality grass fed cows.
Best For
- Triathletes looking for an individualized collagen supplement
- Active people looking to support bone and joint health
Not Best For
- Users who prefer full disclosure about the cost and content of their supplements before purchasing
- Triathletes in search of a collagen supplement that supplies several different sources
Best Collagen Supplement for Runners – Vital Proteins Collagen Peptides
SPECS
- Form: Powder
- Dosage: 20g
- Price: $1.93 per serving
It's no mystery that running, whether at a high level or recreationally, puts a lot of stress on the joints of the lower body. While certain running shoes can help reduce the stress on your joints, some people may still experience joint pain from running. One potential treatment method is supplementing with collagen peptides as research has shown that they can help reduce lower body joint pain.(4) When vetting products for the best collagen supplement for runners, we found Vital Proteins Collagen Peptides to be at the top of the list.
Providing a whopping 20 grams of hydrolyzed bovine collagen peptides per serving, this product exceeds the science-backed dosing protocol of five to 15 grams. The label instructs users to take one to two scoops, providing 10 grams of collagen peptides per scoop, thus some individuals may only need one scoop per serving. In addition, the supplement provides 80 milligrams of hyaluronic acid, a substance found in joint fluid that may help reduce symptoms of joint pain.(5) Their formula also provides 90 milligrams of vitamin C, an important cofactor during collagen synthesis.(6)
For runners, including a collagen supplement such as Vital Proteins Collagen Peptides may help prevent and improve joint pain associated with daily training, and you hair, skin, and nails with thank you too.
Why We Picked It: We liked that this supplement provides a high 20 gram dose per serving, combined with hyaluronic acid and vitamin C, that is sure to meet the needs of most users.
Best For
- Those in search of a high dose collagen supplement with hyaluronic acid and vitamin C
- Users who value being able to choose between an unflavored or flavored collagen supplement
- People looking to support joint, hair, skin, and nail health
Not Best For
- People looking for a lower dose daily collagen supplement
- Those on a tight budget as the cost per serving can add up
BUY: Vital Proteins Collagen Peptides
Best Collagen Supplement for Swimmers – Vital Proteins Marine Collagen
SPECS
- Form: Powder
- Dosage: 12g
- Price: $2.17 per serving
While swimming is lower impact on the bones and joints when compared to many other sports, this doesn't mean that swimmers don't need to pay attention to their connective tissue health. Swimmers rely on long fluid strokes that put a significant amount of strain on tendons and ligaments. Therefore, swimmers may also benefit from supplementing with collagen. In terms of the best collagen supplement for swimmers we selected Vital Proteins Marine Collagen for its alternative collagen sourcing and effective dosing.
Providing just one ingredient, 12 grams of whitefish collagen peptides, this brand is upfront with their dosing and doesn't add any fillers. Contrary to most collagen supplements, this one is sourced from whitefish, making it particularly appealing to swimmers who avoid red meat products. In fact, some research even suggests that marine collagen may be slightly more bioavailable than bovine collagen.(7) This means that your body can more readily utilize it.
Providing types I and III collagen, this product is well-suited for swimmers looking to support their bone and joint health, with hair, skin, and nail support as an added plus.
Why We Picked It: We liked that this product sourced its collagen from wild caught fish as opposed to traditional bovine sources. We thought this product provided a great pescatarian alternative for swimmers avoiding red meat.
Best For
- Swimmers who prefer a marine based collagen supplement
- Athletes looking for a high quality source of type I & III collagen to support connective tissue recovery
Not Best For
- Those who prefer a flavored collagen supplement
- People who are on a tight budget
BUY: Vital Proteins Marine Collagen
Best Collagen Supplement for Cyclists – Transparent Labs Collagen Hydrolysate
SPECS
- Form: Powder
- Dosage: 11g
- Price: $1.16 per serving
Cycling is a high intensity sport that requires powerful lower body muscles. That said, our muscles are only as strong as the connective tissue (bones and joints) that holds them together. This important connective tissue is made up of various types of collagen connected together to form a solid structure. While our body's can synthesize this collagen, physical activity such as cycling can put increased demands on our bones and joints. Therefore, supplementing with collagen may help promote faster joint recovery between workouts. While there are so many collagen supplements out there we found the best collagen supplement for cyclists to be Transparent Labs Collagen Hydrolysate.
This product provides a solid 11-gram dose of hydrolyzed grass-fed bovine peptides that meets the daily recommended amount. What's unique about this brand is that the collagen powder comes in a tasty chocolate flavor. For those that don't wish to add their collagen powder to another beverage, this allows them to drink it on its own. This collagen is hydrolyzed for enhanced solubility and absorption so you can easily mix them up with a beverage to stay hydrated while putting in some miles on your favorite spinning bike.
If you are a cyclist interested in ensuring proper joint recovery, including a collagen supplement such as Transparent Labs Collagen Hydrolysate is a wise addition to your supplement plan.
Why We Picked It: We liked that this collagen supplement supplies a science-based dose of 11 grams of a hydrolyzed form of collagen for enhanced absorption.
Best For
- Cyclists who value a flavored collagen supplement
- Those is search of a brand that uses transparent labeling
Not Best For
- Those looking for a product that supplies multiple sources of collagen
- Users who prefer an unflavored collagen supplement
BUY: Transparent Labs Collagen Hydrolysate
Best Collagen Supplement for Hair – Cira Glow-Getter Collagen
SPECS
- Form: Powder
- Dosage: 10g
- Price: $1.17 per serving
In the athletic world, the majority of collagen supplementation is geared towards joint health. Just the same, collagen is also used as a beautifying supplement to support hair, skin, and nail health. Rightfully so as it serves as the primary protein for hair, nail, and skin formation. Cira Glow-Getter Collagen focuses on the cosmetic aspects of collagen supplementation, and therefore we found it to be the best collagen supplement for hair.
Sourced from high-quality hydrolyzed bovine collagen peptides, Cira Glow-Getter, provides a hefty amount of type I and type III collagen, two types known for their influence on healthy hair, skin, and nails. To improve digestion and absorption, they also include digestive enzymes and AstraGin, an extract shown to enhance absorption.
With two appealing flavors, and an unflavored option to choose from you can either drink it on its own or add it to your favorite beverage. Last but not least, this product includes 20 mcg of Vitamin D, a vitamin known for its bone and skin-enhancing effects.(8) If you're searching for a collagen supplement to add to your beauty regimen, you may want to check out Cira's Glow-Getter Collagen for hair, skin, and nail support.
Why We Picked It: We found this to be a well rounded collagen supplement for supporting skin health based on its comprehensive ingredient panel.
Best For
- Active individuals who are looking to boost their hair health
- Those that enjoy having flavor options to select from
- User who prefer to steer clear of artificial sweeteners
Not Best For
- People who require a higher dose collagen supplement
- Those who are already taking vitamin D on its own
BUY: Cira Glow-Getter Collagen
Best Collagen-Boosting Supplement for Skin – Ora Aloe Gorgeous
SPECS
- Form: Collagen booster
- Dosage: N/A
- Price: $1.85 per serving
Considering that collagen makes up 70-80 percent of our skin, there's no doubt that it plays a big role in our skin health.(9) In fact, as we age our collagen production steadily declines, resulting in wrinkles throughout the body. Those trying to counteract these wrinkles, or just optimize their skin health, may consider using a collagen-boosting supplement to increase the body's internal collagen production. While not a true collagen peptide supplement, these products contain ingredients known to support healthy collagen production. At the top of our list for the best collagen-boosting supplement for skin is Ora Aloe Gorgeous mainly due to their comprehensive and transparent active ingredient list.
This powder contains a blend of organic pea protein, organic acerola cherry extract, organic aloe vera gel powder, organic bamboo extract, and vitamin E from sunflower. Each active ingredient plays a unique role in boosting skin health and supporting collagen production. For example, Vitamin E has long been shown to support skin health by reducing inflammation caused by the UV-rays and directly aiding in collagen production.(10) Aloe vera when orally ingested may also help boost collagen levels in the skin.(11) Acerola cherry extract is provided as a source of vitamin C, a potent cofactor in collagen production.
This supplement also includes bamboo extract as a source of silica, a trace mineral that can also help form collagen. As an added bonus, this supplement comes in three flavors, with an unflavored option as well. With their science-backed list of collagen-boosting ingredients, Ora Aloe Gorgeous may be a great option for those looking to increase their body's collagen production for healthier skin.
Why We Picked It: We liked that this collagen boosting supplement supplies several science-backed compounds known to support healthy collagen production.
Best For
- People in search of a collagen boosting supplement to promote skin health
- Users who enjoy having several flavors to choose from
- Those following a vegan diet
Not Best For
- Those looking for a collagen peptide containing supplement
- Users on a limited budget
Best Collagen Capsules – Vital Proteins Collagen Peptides Capsules
SPECS
- Form: Capsule
- Dosage: 3.3g
- Price: $0.68 per serving
Typically, collagen supplements come in a powder form and are meant to be mixed with your beverage of choice. That being said, not everyone enjoys the flavor that collagen supplements may impart in their drinks. Thankfully some companies have caught onto this and now produce collagen capsules using the same high quality collagen powder. When it came to choosing the best collagen capsules, we found Vital Protein's Collagen Peptides Capsules to be the top option on the market.
While the six capsule serving size only provides 3.3 grams of hydrolyzed bovine peptides, some studies have shown that doses as low as 2.5 grams may still have a beneficial effect on joints, skin, nails, and hair.(12) If you wanted to take an additional serving to increase this amount it would generally be safe for most people considering many powders provide upward of 15 grams per serving. That said, you may want to check with your healthcare practitioner before doing so.
If you are a busy individual that struggles to take collagen in the powder form, you may want to consider capsules as a more convenient method to get your daily dose. Vital Proteins Collagen Peptides would be a fitting capsule option.
Why We Picked It: We liked that these capsules provide a convenient way to get in your daily dose of collagen without having to mix any powders.
Best For
- Athletes on the go that prefer a convenient capsule form of collagen
- Those looking for a collagen supplement that provides multiple sources
Not Best For
- Those that don’t do well with swallowing pills
- Users that require a higher dose of collagen
BUY: Vital Proteins Collagen Peptides Capsules
Best Powder Collagen Supplement – Ancient Nutrition Vegetarian Collagen Powder
SPECS
- Form: Powder
- Dosage: 10g
- Price: $1.06 per serving
Traditionally, collagen supplements come from animal sources as they typically provide the highest quality collagen for the best price. That said, with advances in technology in recent years there is a new kid on the block in terms of collagen sourcing, eggshell membranes. These are the membranes that line bird eggs, which are particularly high in type I, V, and X collagen. Considering that eggshells are considered vegetarian, this makes a great option for vegetarians looking to take a powdered collagen supplement. When it came to selecting the best powder collagen supplement we found Ancient Nutrition's Vegetarian Collagen Powder to be at the head of the pack.
This supplement provides a unique blend of fermented eggshell membrane, probiotics, and prebiotics, making it a great choice for supporting gut health. Probiotics are a type of beneficial bacteria found in our guts, whereas prebiotics are the fibers that they feed on. A diet rich in pre and probiotics has been shown to aid in promoting digestive health.(13) In addition, the type I collagen found in eggshell membranes is excellent for promoting health joints, skin, hair, and nails. The supplement comes naturally flavored and can be added to water and drunk on its own.
For athletes looking for a collagen powder with the added plus of being vegetarian-friendly, consider trying an eggshell membrane collagen such as Ancient Nutrition's Vegetarian Collagen Powder.
Why We Picked It: We liked that this collagen powder supplies a unique form of vegetarian collagen sourced from eggshells.
Best For
- Athletes looking for vegetarian collagen powder
- Those who value added prebiotics and probiotics added for gut support
Not Best For
- Those who prefer having multiple flavors to choose from
- Users who value transparent labeling
BUY: Ancient Nutrition Vegetarian Collagen Powder
Best Collagen Liquid – Vital Proteins Collagen Water
SPECS
- Form: Liquid
- Dosage: 1 bottle
- Price: $3 per serving
Traditionally, collagen supplements are most often found in powder form, requiring them to be mixed with a liquid for consumption. With the rise in popularity of collagen supplements in recent years some brands are expanding into providing collagen via other routes, in liquid for example. This eliminates the step of having to dose out and mix your collagen with a beverage, improving the convenience factor for busy people on the go. While there are quite a few out there, we found the best liquid collagen supplement to be Vital Proteins Collagen Water.
Whether you're an athlete looking to support joint health or simply wanting to boost your hydration, adding Vital Protein Collagen Water to your daily regimen may be a good option.
Why We Picked It: We liked that this collagen water provides bovine collagen peptides in an easy to consume package.
Best For
- Those looking for a convenient way to get in their daily dose of collagen
- People who value having flavor options
Not Best For
- Athletes on a tight budget as these around $3 per serving
- Those who want exact amount of collagen
BUY: Vital Proteins Collagen Water
How We Chose the Best Collagen Supplements
When analyzing the top products on the market there were several factors we took into consideration to give you the best collagen supplements.
Type
There are five types of collagen found throughout the body, each of which have different functions. While most of the products we reviewed contain type I & III, we were also sure to include a few that included other types as well.
Source
While bovine is the most common source of collagen, several others are also found in collagen supplements such as chicken, fish, and eggshell. We made sure to include collagen supplements from a number of sources to suit the needs of all users.
Form
Generally speaking, collagen supplements are most often found in powder form due to their wide availability and cost. We sought out a variety of collagen forms including powder, liquid, and capsule.
Dosage
Most research suggests a dose of five to 15 grams is sufficient for most populations. (1) Therefore, the majority of the products we selected fall within that range.
Price
When it comes to collagen supplements, costs can vary widely depending on the type, source, flavoring, and a number of other factors. Most basic collagen supplements will fall within the $0.50-$1.00 per serving range. We explored a wide price range though settled on products that most users could easily fit in their budgets.
How to Choose the Best Collagen Supplements
When setting out to find the perfect collagen supplement to meet your goals there are several important factors to keep in mind.
Types of Collagen
There are five types of collagen commonly found throughout the body. These include:
- Type I: The most common type of collagen making up 90-percent of our body's collagen. It's found in our skin, bones, joints, cartilage, and teeth.
- Type II: This is the major type of collagen found in cartilage, a connective tissue that protects the end of our long bones and helps form joints.
- Type III: The second most common type of collagen found in our bodies, type III collagen is a major component of our skin and organs. It's often found in many of the same places where type I collagen is found.
- Type V: This type of collagen is found in smaller amounts in the body and serves as a structural support to the other types of collagen, most commonly type II. It also helps form our skin and hair.
- Type X: Type X collagen is another structural support compound helping to support other types of collagen to form our bones and joints. It also provides structure for our hair and may reduce hair breakage when supplemented.
In general, most supplements will contain types I and III as the other types are slightly harder to come by in supplement form and may be more expensive. Types I and III will suit most people's needs for general joint, gut, hair, skin, and nail health.
Source
Collagen supplements found on the market will usually some from the following sources:
- Bovine (cow): By far the most common source of collagen protein. Contains types I and III. Sourced from cow hides.
- Chicken: Not as commonly used in supplements. Contains mainly type II collagen. Sourced from chicken cartilage.
- Marine: Several brands offer a marine collagen option that is usually sourced from fish scales. Contains type I and III in a similar composition to bovine collagen.
- Eggshell membrane: Commonly used in vegetarian collagen supplements. Contains type I, V, and X collagen.
Unfortunately at this time, vegan collagen supplements are not readily available due to their expensive production process. That said, there are many vegan collagen-boosting supplements that are meant to improve your body's own natural collagen production.
Flavor
Generally speaking, pure unflavored collagen powder is rather flavorless, making it a great option to add to other beverages as it doesn't impart much taste. For this reason many brands sell unflavored collagen powders that can be added to hot or cold drinks of your choice. Some companies also sell flavored varieties that are mixable with water. Consider if you'd prefer a flavored or unflavored option when shopping for a collagen supplement.
FAQs About Collagen Powders
How Much Collagen is a Healthy Amount?
For general purposes such as supporting joint, gut, skin, nail, and hair health the research suggests taking a five to 15 gram dose of collagen peptides will provide the best results for most people. (1) Most collagen supplements fall within this range. Taking more than this would not likely be harmful, though it may be a waste.
What form of collagen is most effective?
There is no one form of collagen that is necessarily better than others though collagen supplements coming from animal sources, such as bovine, chicken, and marine, are best able to be utilized by our bodies. You will find that most collagen supplements contain one of these sources, thus you won't have to worry much about what form is best. That said, be sure to look for a collagen supplement that is hydrolyzed, which means it is broken down further, as this can enhance absorption.
Do I need all 5 types of collagen?
Our bodies are able to synthesize collagen from other protein-containing foods that we eat therefore it's not necessary to take a supplement that includes all five types. Most supplements include types I and III, which are suitable options for supporting bone, joint, hair, skin, and nail health.
How fast does collagen start working?
Considering that collagen turnover is a slow process, most people will have to wait at least four to eight weeks to start seeing results, and in some cases even longer.(13, 14) Those looking for improvements in hair, skin, and nail health may see quicker results, whereas those taking collagen for bone and joint health may have to wait a bit longer.
Are there any negative effects of taking collagen?
In general, most people will not experience any side effects when supplementing with collagen. That being said, if you have a known allergy it's imperative that you check the label to make sure it doesn't contain an ingredient you're allergic to. Some people may experience mild digestive distress or a bad taste in their mouth when supplementing with collagen. It's always important to check with your healthcare provider before starting any new supplements if you have a pre-existing condition.
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
Protein | Pre-Workouts | Creatine | Multivitamins | Vitamin B12 | Collagen | Testosterone Boosters | Greens Powder | Fish Oil | BCAAs
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
References
- Khatri, M., Naughton, R. J., Clifford, T., Harper, L. D., & Corr, L. (2021). The effects of collagen peptide supplementation on body composition, collagen synthesis, and recovery from joint injury and exercise: a systematic review. Amino acids, 53(10), 1493–1506.
- Bolke, L., Schlippe, G., Gerß, J., & Voss, W. (2019). A Collagen Supplement Improves Skin Hydration, Elasticity, Roughness, and Density: Results of a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Blind Study. Nutrients, 11(10), 2494.
- Larder, C. E., Iskandar, M. M., & Kubow, S. (2021). Gastrointestinal Digestion Model Assessment of Peptide Diversity and Microbial Fermentation Products of Collagen Hydrolysates. Nutrients, 13(8), 2720.
- Zdzieblik, D., Brame, J., Oesser, S., Gollhofer, A., & König, D. (2021). The Influence of Specific Bioactive Collagen Peptides on Knee Joint Discomfort in Young Physically Active Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients, 13(2), 523.
- Oe, M., Tashiro, T., Yoshida, H., Nishiyama, H., Masuda, Y., Maruyama, K., Koikeda, T., Maruya, R., & Fukui, N. (2016). Oral hyaluronan relieves knee pain: a review. Nutrition journal, 15, 11.
- DePhillipo, N. N., Aman, Z. S., Kennedy, M. I., Begley, J. P., Moatshe, G., & LaPrade, R. F. (2018). Efficacy of Vitamin C Supplementation on Collagen Synthesis and Oxidative Stress After Musculoskeletal Injuries: A Systematic Review. Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine, 6(10), 2325967118804544.
- Coppola, D., Oliviero, M., Vitale, G. A., Lauritano, C., D'Ambra, I., Iannace, S., & de Pascale, D. (2020). Marine Collagen from Alternative and Sustainable Sources: Extraction, Processing and Applications. Marine drugs, 18(4), 214.
- Mostafa, W. Z., & Hegazy, R. A. (2015). Vitamin D and the skin: Focus on a complex relationship: A review. Journal of advanced research, 6(6), 793–804.
- Oikarinen A. (1994). Aging of the skin connective tissue: how to measure the biochemical and mechanical properties of aging dermis. Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine, 10(2), 47–52.
- Michalak, M., Pierzak, M., Krecisz, B., & Suliga, E. (2021). Bioactive Compounds for Skin Health: A Review. Nutrients, 13(1), 203.
- Kaminaka, C., Yamamoto, Y., Sakata, M., Hamamoto, C., Misawa, E., Nabeshima, K., Saito, M., Tanaka, M., Abe, F., & Jinnin, M. (2020). Effects of low-dose Aloe sterol supplementation on skin moisture, collagen score and objective or subjective symptoms: 12-week, double-blind, randomized controlled trial. The Journal of dermatology, 47(9), 998–1006.
- Choi, F. D., Sung, C. T., Juhasz, M. L., & Mesinkovsk, N. A. (2019). Oral Collagen Supplementation: A Systematic Review of Dermatological Applications. Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD, 18(1), 9–16.
- Markowiak, P., & Slizewska, K. (2017). Effects of Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Synbiotics on Human Health. Nutrients, 9(9), 1021.
- García-Coronado, J. M., Martínez-Olvera, L., Elizondo-Omaña, R. E., Acosta-Olivo, C. A., Vilchez-Cavazos, F., Simental-Mendía, L. E., & Simental-Mendía, M. (2019). Effect of collagen supplementation on osteoarthritis symptoms: a meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials. International orthopaedics, 43(3), 531–538.